Honestly, I've held back responding to this thread because I'm trying to avoid arguments. But I can't not answer your question either. In the simplest terms, all of the force that makes your boat move happens inside the pump. The reason it turns when you change the angle of the nozzles is due to something called "thrust vectoring" which simply means that when you change the angle of the center of the low pressure area (the water escaping the high pressure of the pump), the center of the high pressure area (inside the pump opposite the nozzle) changes as well. And for the record, boat propellers, airplane propellers, helicopter rotors, aircraft wings and our jet pumps, all work on the same physics principles and to a certain extent, yes, it actually is rocket science. It really works off of two simple principles. 1: Any gas or liquid will flow from a high pressure area to a low pressure area. 2: All actions have an equal and opposite reaction. As an answer to your last question, yes the pumps are pushing the boat, just the jet of water is not pushing the boat directly. You could put your boat 20 feet in the air, and if you feed your jets water, the boat will move forward, turn, etc. Hell, you could put the boat in a vacuum and it would still work if you fed the jets water.